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Rock Analyses

What You Can Get from Geochemical Rock Analyses:

 

Organic Facies

- marine, lacustrine, or terrigenous organic matter
- kerogen concentration and type
- oil or gas generating kerogen
- anoxic, suboxic, or oxic depositional environments

Geologic Age

- precise age if combined with biostratigraphy
- approximate age if based on geochemistry alone

Kerogen Maturity

- oil and gas generation and preservation limits
- overburden removal and missing section(faults and unconformities)
- geothermal gradient
- thermal events

Data for Oil - Rock Correlation

Type of Oil (and gas) Generated

- waxy, marine, lacustrine, etc.

Kerogen kinetics

Presence of recycled, oxidized, or non-indigenous organic material

Presence and correlation of migrated oil (seeps, reservoirs, migration paths)


Techniques Most Often Used:
 

Organic carbon (TOC)

Rock-Eval Pyrolysis

Kerogen microscopy (isolated kerogen or whole rock)

- vitrinite reflectance, TAI, kerogen type

Solvent extraction

Whole extract GC

Liquid chromatography (saturates, aromatics, NSO's, asphaltenes)

Saturate and aromatic biomarkers (gc/ms)

Saturate and aromatic carbon isotopes


Supporting Techniques:
 


High resolution C7 GC

Elemental analysis (C, H, N, O, S) of kerogen

Saturate and aromatic GC

Ni and V content

Saturate gc/ms/ms (detailed biomarkers)

Compound specific isotopes (gc/IRMS)

High temperature gc (C20 - C60)

Sulfur isotopes

Pyrolysis GC (of S1 and S2)

Percent carbonate

Percent sulfur

Kinetic analysis of kerogen